hannah m



(No Model.)

J. B. ROOT, Deod. H. M. ROOT and W. S. GHURGH, Administrators.

BLOW PIPE APPARATUS.

Patente-d Peb. 7, 1888.

N, PETERS. Phumumughpher. washington. ILC.

UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICEo HANN AH M. ROOT AND VILLIAM S. CHURCH, OFPORT CHESTER, EW YORK,l ADMINISTRATRIX AND ADMINISTRATOR OF JOHN B.ROOT, DECEASED.

BLOW-PIPE APPARATUS.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 377,467, datedFebruary 7, 1888.

Application filed August 8. 1887.

Serial No. 246.375. (No model.)

To aZ-Z whom it may concern.'

Beit known that JOHN B. Boor, formerly of Port Chester, in the county ofWestchester and State of New York, deceased, did invent certain new anduseful Improvements in Blow- Pipe Apparatus, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings.

The said JOHN B. ROOT invented and patented, in United States patentsissued to him in his life-time,improved machines for spirally shapingsheet-metal blanks into the form of cylindrical pipes or tubing, thespiral seam of such pipe being formed by welding together the oppositeoverlapping edges of the strip of metal or blank. In connection withsuch machinery he also invented and patentedablowpipe apparatus forheating the edges of such a blank as it passes through the forming-machine and preparatory to its edges' being welded together. v

It is to an improved form of apparatus of this kind that the presentinvention specially relates-that is, to blow pipes and similar heatingapparatus when used for bringing metal blanks to a welding heat, or forin like manner heating similar articles by the direct application tosuch articles of a heating jet or dame-and it is not, therefore,proposed to confine the present invention to the particular use heredescribed.

The invention has for its object to increase the heating etticiency ofthe blow-pipe flame when thus used--that is, a flame produced by theunion of a fuel gas and oxygen,ordinarily some form of hydrogen gas andair.. In order to attain 'a high heat in such structures, one of theessential conditions is that the air and gas shall be most intimatelyand suddenly mixed, so that the resulting combustion shall be violentand intense and the heat produced availed of to the fullest extent; andit is the object of this invention to construct the blowpipe and furnaceapparatus with reference to securing these ends.

The first feature of invention consists in providing the gas-supplyingpipe with lateral openings that cause' the gas to escape into theair-pipe in a direction substantially at right angles to the directionof the incoming air,

and in providing the air pipe or passage with nozzle of the blow-pipe,orthe furnace part of the heating apparatus, with a converging device orrefraetor constructed and arranged to concentrate the heat of the `jetupon the article or upon some particular point or part of the blank orarticle to be heated.

The said ROOT discovered that in applying the jet of a blow-pipe damedirectly to the parts to be heated the full heating power of the jet isnot availed of, but that when the jet is caused to impinge upon asurface arranged to deflect the flame and direct it upon the blank in adirection somewhat lateral to its natural course the heating power ofthe jet is more fully availed of than where the jet is directly applied.

The third feature of invention consists, therefore, in combining with ablow-pipe a structure inclosing the blow-pipe nozzle, and constructedand arranged so as to deflect the heating-jet in the manner indicated.

The fourth feature of invention consists in providing the furnacestructure at the blowpipe, which converges the heat of flame and whichdeiiects it upon the parts to be heated, with' a flue or pipe forconveying away the products of combustion, and which is arranged aroundthe blow-pipe insuch manner that such products act to heat the air andgas that is supplied to the blow-pipe, thus making the blow-piperegenerating in action.

In the drawings, Figure l represents an elevation view of a heatingapparatus adapted to heat the edges of a pipeblank as it is spirallywound up into cylindrical form, the blowpipe and its furnace structurebeing in` central vertical section. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the mainparts of the same. Fig. 3 is a plan view of a modified form of the same.Figs. et and 5 are enlarged detail views of the end of the gaspipe wherethe gas and air meet.

This heating apparatus has been used by the said ROOT for the purpose ofmanufacturing spirally-madepipe in conjunction with mechanism adapted tospiral] y wind a sheet-metal blank into cylindrical form with itsopposite edges overlapping, which mechanism is also provided withwelding devices for uniting such edges as they are brought to weldingcondition by the heating apparatus.

A represents the blank of such apipe, Bbeinga part of the shaping andsupporting mechanism of the welding-machine.

C is what we term the furnace, it being a structure composed offire-brick placed within a supporting-shell, D, and arranged around thenozzle of the blow-pipe, and constructed to concentrate and direct theheating-jet upon the overlappin g edges of the blank where they cometogether. j

E is the blow-pipe, which is composed of the air conductor or pipe Fandthegas-pipe G, arranged within the air-pipe. The air-pipe is providedwith a nozzle, H, made of plumbago or other like refractory material, asit is Within or at the end of this nozzle that the mixed gases unite orburst into fiame.

I is a pipe surrounding the blowpipe,with a space between them. Thispipe I is secured to the shell D of the furnace, and the space betweenit and the air-pipe is continuous to the interior of the furnace. Theother end of this pipe is provided with a flue for conveying the wasteproducts of combustion away.

J indicates copper or other heat-conducting pins, which serve to take upthe heat from the waste products and impart it Ito the air and gaspassing through the blow-pipe, thus making the blow-pipe regenerative inits action.

The end of the gaspipe is closed and provided with lateral openings K.To one side of each of these openings are wings or blades L, set at aninclination and separated from each other, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5.These wings are for the purpose of dividing up and tunning the column ofair into the jets of gas forced out laterally from the gaspipe, theresult be ing that an action of the gases is produced akin or similar toa swirl or rotary current, which causes the entire body of air and ofgas to be very suddenly and completely mixed. The relative arrangementof the holes K and the blades L may be variously changed; but thearrangement here shown will suffice to illustrate the principle of thisfeature of the invention.

The interior of the furnace structure consists of a chamber peculiarlyshaped to direct the flame or jet of the blow-pipe upon the parts of theedges of the blank passing through the furnace. First, the rear walls,M, or those parts of the walls that directly face or are at an equalradial distance from the point where the flame is applied,:are curved,as shown, so as to concentrate the heat at one place-the edges of theblanks in the present case. In Figs. 1 and 2 the interior shape of thischamber is substantially conicalv and the surface M is spherical. InFig. 3 this converging surface consists of two parts, M and N, thisspace of the heating-chamber being here reduced as much aspracticable.By this form of chamber the heat is concentrated upon the parts to beheated, and the heating-power is thereby more fully employed than wheresuch a concentrating or reflecting surface is not used in combinationwith a blow-pipe. In the second place, the furnace or heating chamber isprovided with a curved deflecting-surface, O-that is, this surface actsto deflect the heating-j et from its natural course laterally againstthe edges of the blank-the result being that a greater' amount of theheat is imparted to the blank than where the jet is directly applied.The blow-pipe will be so arranged with reference to suchdefiecting-surface that its j ctwill first impinge thereon, and whendeflected will be thrown laterally upon the blank.

Figs. 2 and 3 show different arrangements of the blow-pipe withreference to the deecting-surface. As the burning proceeds, the pressureof the gases in the heating-chamber causes much of the products ofcombustion to escape backward through the pipe I and heat the gas andair.

P is a peep-hole or pipe through which the blanks may be observed.

By these means is produced a blow-pipe apparatus by which the heatingpower of the gases is more fully availed of than has been the case withthe common forms of such apparatus. The gases are highly heated beforebeing mixed, and where they come together they are so intimately andsuddenly mixed that their combustion is practically perfect, and hencedevelops the highest degree of heat. The deflectingsurface O serves todirect the heated gases of thejet so that the blank will best take upthe heat, and the surface M acts to concentrate the heat-rays upon theblank.

What is claimed as new isl. In combination, in a blow-pipe, an airpipe,and a gas-pipe arranged within the airpipe and provided with lateralopenings K and wings L, arranged substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the blow-pipe, of the furnace provided with aheating-chamber of substantially conical shape, with au opening at oneside for the entrance of the edge of the blank to be heated and havingat the opposite side the curved deiiecting-surface O, against which thejet impinges and by which said jet is deflected laterally upon theblank, as and for the purposes hereinbefore set forth.

3. In combination with the blow-pipe, the furnace C, provided with aheating-chamber formed at the rear with the heat-concentrat` ing surfaceM, and on the side opposite to that through which the edge of the blankprojects into the chamber with the lateral curved deecting-surface O,placed in the path of the `jet, so that the latter shall be deected byit and the furnace structure C arranged sub- 1o laterally upon theblank, as and for the purstantially as described.

poses hereinbefore set forth. HANNAH M. ROOT,

4. In combination with the blow-piperE, Adminstmtrx. 5 provided with theopenings K and Wings L, WILLIAM S. CHURCH,

the furnace structure C, arranged substantially Administrator. asdescribed. Witnesses:

5. In combination with the blow-pipe E, J. W. DIEHL,

having pins J, the outer regenerating pipe, I, HERMAN L. MARSHALL.

